Galactic coordinate system - a simple definition
For studies of more distant galactic objects or somewhat closeby
extragalactic objects, a natural reference plane is the plane of the Milky
Way. Since the Sun lies very close to that plane, we can put the origin at
the Sun.
Galactic longitude, l, is measured counterclockwise from the direction of
the centre of the Milky Way (in Sagittarius, R.A. = 17h 45.7min, dec. =
-29 deg). The values are between 0 and 360 degrees in decimal format
(degrees).
Galactic latitude, b, is measured from the galactic plane, positive
northwards and negative southwards. The values are between -90 and +90
degrees in decimal format (degrees).