Cosmology
Cosmology studies the universe as a whole; its structure, size and age. Is it infinite in size? How much dark matter is there in addition to the visible matter? What is the age of the universe that was born in the Big Bang and has expanded ever since? What is the role of the recently discovered dark energy?
Computer simulations are an essential part of the research in cosmology. They aim at finding a cosmological model, which explains how the minor variations in the cosmic background radiation developed into groups, chains, clusters and superclusters of galaxies.